Cherpitel C J, Clark W B
Western Consortium For Public Health Alcohol Research Group, Berkeley, CA 94709, USA.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1995 Jun;19(3):628-34. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1995.tb01559.x.
This study examines sensitivity and specificity figures associated with screens used to predict harmful drinking and alcohol dependence among current drinkers. The study population comes from a probability sample of emergency room patients in Jackson, MS. Data are presented by gender and injury status (injured versus noninjured) for Blacks and for Whites. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview was used to assess ICD-10 criteria for harmful drinking and alcohol dependence, which were taken as standards. Predictors include screening instruments (CAGE, AUDIT, brief MAST, TWEAK, and History of Trauma Scale), breathalyzer reading, self-reported consumption before the injury or noninjury event, quantity and frequency of drinking, and an abbreviated alcohol dependence experiences measure used in general population surveys. Single items from these screening instruments were also tested as predictors. Overall, the TWEAK and the AUDIT performed best in terms of sensitivity and specificity, but variation across subgroups suggests that the search for a good screening instrument for general use must be continued.
本研究考察了用于预测当前饮酒者有害饮酒及酒精依赖的筛查方法的敏感度和特异度数据。研究对象来自密西西比州杰克逊市急诊室患者的概率样本。数据按种族（黑人和白人）以及损伤状况（受伤与未受伤）呈性别分布。采用综合国际诊断访谈来评估有害饮酒及酒精依赖的ICD - 10标准，将其作为标准。预测因素包括筛查工具（CAGE、AUDIT、简易MAST、TWEAK以及创伤史量表）、呼气酒精含量读数、受伤或未受伤事件前的自我报告饮酒量、饮酒量和饮酒频率，以及一般人群调查中使用的简化酒精依赖经历测量方法。这些筛查工具中的单个项目也作为预测因素进行了测试。总体而言，TWEAK和AUDIT在敏感度和特异度方面表现最佳，但各亚组间存在差异，这表明仍需继续寻找通用的良好筛查工具。
