Abdullah M, Ahmed L, Rahman M M
Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka.
Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull. 1995 Apr;21(1):1-10.
Rural-urban and seasonal differences in energy balance were studied among selected free living subjects, chosen from the poor population groups in Bangladesh. Individual dietary energy intakes were estimated by a combination of 24 hours recall and weighing method. Time allocation to various occupational and non-occupational activities were recorded by observation and questioning, and energy expenditures were calculated by using FAO/WHO/UNU guidelines. The male working adults in both the population groups studied were found to be in negative energy balance in both the seasons observed. In Jan-Feb when employment opportunities for the rural poor were few all age and sex groups were in negative energy balance, and when employment opportunities improved during May-June the situation reversed except for the male working adults. In urban areas, on the other hand, all age and sex groups, except the male working adults were in positive energy balance in both the seasons. Rural children under 10 years, had significantly higher energy expenditure (P < 0.023) than their urban counterparts. Seasonal difference in energy expenditure among the rural male adults is quite high. In the urban group there was no such seasonal difference. Apparently very high rural-urban difference in energy expenditure of the male adults (18-30 y) in season 1 may be attributed to very high energy demanding activities in which the observed subjects in rural areas were engaged during this season. Compared to their urban counterparts rural male adults (18-30 yrs.) were found to be devoted significantly higher time in occupational and heavy household activities.
在孟加拉国贫困人口群体中选取了一些自由生活的受试者，研究了城乡以及季节之间的能量平衡差异。通过24小时回顾法和称重法相结合来估算个体饮食能量摄入量。通过观察和询问记录了分配到各种职业和非职业活动的时间，并根据粮农组织/世界卫生组织/联合国大学的指导方针计算能量消耗。在所研究的两个人口群体中，男性在职成年人在观察的两个季节中均处于能量负平衡状态。在1月至2月，农村贫困人口的就业机会很少，所有年龄和性别的群体均处于能量负平衡状态；而在5月至6月就业机会增加时，除男性在职成年人外，情况发生了逆转。另一方面，在城市地区，除男性在职成年人外，所有年龄和性别的群体在两个季节均处于能量正平衡状态。农村10岁以下儿童的能量消耗明显高于城市同龄人（P < 0.023）。农村成年男性的能量消耗季节差异相当大。城市群体中没有这种季节差异。显然，在第一季中，成年男性（18 - 30岁）的城乡能量消耗差异非常大，这可能归因于农村地区的观察对象在该季节从事的高能量需求活动。与城市同龄人相比，农村成年男性（18 - 30岁）在职业和繁重家务活动上花费的时间明显更多。
