Philibert I, Bickel J
Division of Health Care Affairs, Association of American Medical Colleges, Washington, D.C., USA.
Acad Med. 1995 Nov;70(11):1056-8. doi: 10.1097/00001888-199511000-00029.
Because residents' demands for parental leave are increasing, updated information about maternity and paternity leave policies was solicited from hospitals that are members of the Council of Teaching Hospitals (COTH) of the AAMC. A 20-item questionnaire, combining forced-choice categories and open-ended questions, was faxed to 405 COTH hospitals in October 1994; 45% responded. A total of 77% of the respondents reported having written policies for maternity and/or parental leave; in 1989, only 52% of COTH hospitals had reported having such policies. Forty-one percent of the 1994 responding hospitals offered dedicated paid maternity leave, with a mean of 42 days allowed. Twenty-five percent of the respondents offered paternity leave, and 15% offered adoption leave. It is encouraging that the majority of the teaching hospitals that responded to the survey had adopted written policies, but the 23% without written policies remain a source of concern. Well-defined policies for maternity, paternity, and adoption leave can reduce stress and foster equity both for trainees requiring leave and for their colleagues.
由于住院医师对育儿假的需求不断增加，我们向美国医学协会（AAMC）教学医院委员会（COTH）的成员医院征求了有关产假和陪产假政策的最新信息。1994年10月，一份包含20个项目的调查问卷（结合了强制选择类别和开放式问题）被传真给了405家COTH医院；45%的医院进行了回复。共有77%的受访者表示有关于产假和/或育儿假的书面政策；1989年，只有52%的COTH医院报告有此类政策。1994年回复的医院中有41%提供专门的带薪产假，平均允许休假42天。25%的受访者提供陪产假，15%提供领养假。令人鼓舞的是，大多数回复调查的教学医院都采用了书面政策，但仍有23%没有书面政策，这仍然令人担忧。明确的产假、陪产假和领养假政策可以减轻压力，并为需要休假的实习生及其同事促进公平。
