Albuquerque M L, Kurth C D, Monitto C L, Shaw L, Anday E K
Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Biol Neonate. 1995;67(6):432-40. doi: 10.1159/000244196.
Newborns delivered to cocaine-abusing mothers are often exposed to other concurrently consumed illicit drugs, which may alter the hemodynamic and cerebral response to cocaine. This study examined the interaction of ethanol, morphine or barbiturate with cocaine on mean arterial pressure (MAP), cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) in newborn pigs. CBF, CMRO2 and cerebral O2 extraction (CEO2) were measured before and 4 and 10 min after cocaine (1.5 mg/kg i.v.) was administered in piglets that were awake, or pretreated with morphine, ethanol or pentobarbital. In awake piglets, cocaine increased CMRO2 and CEO2 while it had no significant effect on CBF. Conversely, in morphine- and ethanol-pretreated piglets, cocaine decreased CMRO2, decreased CBF and had not effect on CEO2. In awake piglets, cocaine increased MAP, whereas in morphine- or ethanol-pretreated piglets, cocaine decreased MAP. In the pentobarbital group, cocaine had no effect. These data demonstrate that other drugs of abuse alter the hemodynamic and cerebral effects of cocaine in the immature animal and may contribute to the central nervous system abnormalities in 'crack babies'.
母亲滥用可卡因的新生儿常常会接触到其他同时使用的非法药物，这些药物可能会改变对可卡因的血流动力学和大脑反应。本研究检测了乙醇、吗啡或巴比妥酸盐与可卡因在新生仔猪平均动脉压（MAP）、脑血流量（CBF）和脑氧代谢率（CMRO2）方面的相互作用。在清醒仔猪，或经吗啡、乙醇或戊巴比妥预处理的仔猪静脉注射可卡因（1.5mg/kg）前、注射后4分钟和10分钟测量CBF、CMRO2和脑氧摄取率（CEO2）。在清醒仔猪中，可卡因增加CMRO2和CEO2，而对CBF无显著影响。相反，在经吗啡和乙醇预处理的仔猪中，可卡因降低CMRO2，减少CBF，对CEO2无影响。在清醒仔猪中，可卡因升高MAP，而在经吗啡或乙醇预处理的仔猪中，可卡因降低MAP。在戊巴比妥组，可卡因无作用。这些数据表明，其他滥用药物会改变未成熟动物中可卡因的血流动力学和大脑效应，并可能导致“快克婴儿”的中枢神经系统异常。
