Carrière F, Verger R, Lookene A, Olivecrona G
Laboratoire de Lipolyse Enzymatique, CNRS, Marseille, France.
EXS. 1995;73:3-26. doi: 10.1007/978-3-0348-9061-8_1.
In this chapter we review recent molecular knowledge on two structurally related mammalian triglyceride lipases which have evolved from a common ancestral gene. The common property of the lipase family members is that they interact with non-polar substances. Pancreatic lipase hydrolyzes triglycerides in the small intestine in the presence of many dietary components, other digestive enzymes and high concentrations of detergents (bile salts). Lipoprotein lipase acts at the vascular side of the blood vessels where it hydrolyses triglycerides and some phospholipids of the circulating plasma lipoproteins. A third member of the gene family, hepatic lipase, is found in the liver of mammals. Also, this lipase is involved in lipoprotein metabolism. The three lipases are distantly related to some non-catalytic yolk proteins from Drosophila (Persson et al., 1989; Kirchgessner et al., 1989; Hide et al., 1992) and to a phospholipase A1 from hornet venom (Soldatova et al., 1993).
在本章中，我们回顾了关于两种结构相关的哺乳动物甘油三酯脂肪酶的最新分子知识，它们由一个共同的祖先基因进化而来。脂肪酶家族成员的共同特性是它们与非极性物质相互作用。胰脂肪酶在许多膳食成分、其他消化酶和高浓度洗涤剂（胆汁盐）存在的情况下，在小肠中水解甘油三酯。脂蛋白脂肪酶作用于血管的血管侧，在那里它水解循环血浆脂蛋白中的甘油三酯和一些磷脂。该基因家族的第三个成员，肝脂肪酶，存在于哺乳动物的肝脏中。此外，这种脂肪酶也参与脂蛋白代谢。这三种脂肪酶与果蝇的一些非催化性卵黄蛋白（Persson等人，1989年；Kirchgessner等人，1989年；Hide等人，1992年）以及黄蜂毒液中的磷脂酶A1（Soldatova等人，1993年）有较远的亲缘关系。
