Webb W A
University of South Alabama School of Medicine, Mobile, USA.
Chest Surg Clin N Am. 1995 Aug;5(3):471-9.
The widespread use of flexible upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy has renewed interest in management of strictures of the esophagus, including dilation. The rubber Maloney dilator is the most common dilator used, usually for symmetrical strictures 1.2 cm or greater in diameter. The "through the scope" (TTS) balloon dilators usually are used in asymmetrical strictures 1.2 cm or greater in diameter and are especially valuable if fluoroscopy is not available. The new thermoplastic Savary dilators, used with a guidewire and usually with fluoroscopy, have replaced the Eder-Puestow bougies. They are especially useful in difficult strictures that are 1.0 cm or less in diameter and are fibrotic or have transmural fibrosis.
可弯曲上消化道内镜的广泛应用重新激发了人们对食管狭窄治疗的兴趣，包括扩张术。橡胶马洛尼扩张器是最常用的扩张器，通常用于直径1.2厘米或更大的对称性狭窄。“经内镜”（TTS）球囊扩张器通常用于直径1.2厘米或更大的非对称性狭窄，若没有荧光透视设备则其尤为有用。新型热塑性萨瓦里扩张器与导丝配合使用，通常还需荧光透视，已取代了埃德尔-普斯托探条。它们在直径1.0厘米或更小、纤维化或有透壁纤维化的难治性狭窄中特别有用。
