Liaschenko J
Nurs Ethics. 1995 Sep;2(3):185-96. doi: 10.1177/096973309500200302.
Artificial persons are those who speak and act for others. Nurses speak and act for patients as well as for physicians and institutions, or, more aptly, institutionalized medicine. Yet, acting for institutionalized medicine can be harmful to nurses, due to the psychological experience of moral distress and the loss of integrity of their practice. This paper illustrates the harm to nurses as expressed in narratives of their practice, and suggests some initial steps we might take in resisting the artificial personhood imposed by institutionalized medicine.
法人是那些为他人发声和行事的人。护士既为患者发声和行事，也为医生及医疗机构，或者更确切地说，为制度化医疗发声和行事。然而，为制度化医疗行事可能会对护士造成伤害，这源于道德困扰的心理体验以及其实践诚信的丧失。本文阐述了护士在其实践叙述中所表达的伤害，并提出了一些我们在抵制制度化医疗强加的法人身份时可能采取的初步措施。
