Mitchell C K, Franco S M
Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, KY 40292, USA.
Clin Pediatr (Phila). 1995 Sep;34(9):466-70. doi: 10.1177/000992289503400903.
Urban, poor, preschool children are noted for having low immunization rates. To determine factors related to completion of immunization, vaccine records of 479 3-year-old children from an inner-city pediatric clinic were reviewed. Complete immunization was defined as four diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis doses, three oral polio vaccine doses, one measles-mumps-rubella dose, and one Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine dose. Seventy percent of our patients were up-to-date by 2 years of age. The administration of all age-appropriate vaccines at a single visit for patients 15 months and older, the establishment of a continuous primary-care relationship, earlier age at first immunization, and lower birth weight were significantly associated with higher immunization levels in our study.
城市贫困学龄前儿童的免疫接种率较低。为了确定与免疫接种完成情况相关的因素，我们查阅了一家市中心儿科诊所479名3岁儿童的疫苗接种记录。全程免疫定义为接种4剂白喉-破伤风-百日咳疫苗、3剂口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗、1剂麻疹-腮腺炎-风疹疫苗和1剂b型流感嗜血杆菌疫苗。在我们的研究中，70%的患者在2岁时已完成全部疫苗接种。对于15个月及以上的患者，在一次就诊时接种所有适合其年龄的疫苗、建立持续的初级保健关系、首次免疫接种的年龄较小以及出生体重较低，均与较高的免疫接种水平显著相关。
