Osterberg T, Carlsson G E, Sundh W, Fyhrlund A
Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Göteborg University, Sweden.
Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1995 Aug;23(4):232-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0528.1995.tb00237.x.
The aim was to describe changes in dental status in the Swedish population during the period 1975-89 and to make a prognosis based on these data for the year 2000. This study is based on investigations of the living conditions in 1975, 1977, 1980/81 and 1988/89 performed by The National Central Bureau of Statistics. The samples varied for each year from 11,500 to 15,000 participants and a response rate from 80 to 86%. The odontological questions of the interview were focused on dental status, utilization of dental services and chewing ability. The prevalence of edentulism in age group 16-74 yr decreased from 15% in 1975 to 6% in 1988/89. In 1988/89 19% of the 65-74-yr-old inhabitants of the big cities were edentulous and 45% in rural populations, indicating a 15-20-yr delay of the development in rural areas. The prognosis for the year 2000 indicates a further decrease of edentulism to 3-4% in age groups 45-64 yr and in age 75-84 yr more than 60% will be dentate. As a consequence of the reduction in edentulism and changes in populations the number of dentate inhabitants in age group 25-74 yr increased by about 800,000 from 1975 to 1989 and a further increase of 400,000 will occur up to the year 2000. The consequences of these changes for the dental care services are discussed.
该研究旨在描述1975年至1989年期间瑞典人口牙齿状况的变化，并基于这些数据对2000年的情况进行预测。本研究基于瑞典国家中央统计局在1975年、1977年、1980/81年和1988/89年对生活状况进行的调查。每年的样本量从11,500名到15,000名参与者不等，应答率为80%至86%。访谈中的牙科学问题集中在牙齿状况、牙科服务的利用情况和咀嚼能力上。16至74岁年龄组的无牙患病率从1975年的15%降至1988/89年的6%。1988/89年，大城市中65至74岁居民的无牙率为19%，农村人口为45%，这表明农村地区的发展滞后了15至20年。对2000年的预测表明，45至64岁年龄组的无牙率将进一步降至3%至4%，75至84岁年龄组中超过60%的人将有牙齿。由于无牙率的降低和人口结构的变化，25至74岁年龄组中有牙齿居民的数量从1975年到1989年增加了约80万，到2000年还将进一步增加40万。文中讨论了这些变化对牙科护理服务的影响。
