Frommer J
Klinisches Institut, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf.
Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr. 1995 Sep;63(9):341-9. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-996634.
Psychopathography usually intends to point out the impact of pathological feelings and behaviour on the work of the artist. Our own approach is different from this definition. The article emphasizes that Hölderlin's philosophical manuscripts, developed in the context of German Idealismus, examine more closely the psychopathology of schizophrenic experience of the own self and the world. In these manuscripts Hölderlin discusses the relation of freedom and bonding and the relation of being a solipsistic subject versus being part of a holistic system in a fundamental way. He understands human biography as an excentric path. This means the intention to reunite subject and world, which is only possible symbolically in poetry. Thus Hölderlin's philosophical writings on poetology, human self, and personal identity can be understood as a valid contribution to the psychopathology of schizophrenia because of their anticipation of a description of the fundamental disturbances in self-awareness and self-consciousness of schizophrenics. These patients are unable to see themselves in a consistent way as both an object and a subject, which the author describes as Grundverhältnisstörung (basic proportion disturbance).
精神病理学通常旨在指出病理情感和行为对艺术家作品的影响。我们自己的方法与这个定义不同。文章强调，荷尔德林在德国唯心主义背景下创作的哲学手稿，更深入地探讨了自我和世界的精神分裂症体验的精神病理学。在这些手稿中，荷尔德林从根本上讨论了自由与束缚的关系以及作为唯我主义主体与作为整体系统一部分的关系。他将人类传记理解为一条偏离中心的道路。这意味着主体与世界重新统一的意图，而这只有在诗歌中通过象征才有可能实现。因此，荷尔德林关于诗学、人类自我和个人身份的哲学著作可以被理解为对精神分裂症精神病理学的一项有效贡献，因为它们预见了对精神分裂症患者自我意识和自我认知的基本障碍的描述。这些患者无法以一致的方式将自己视为既是客体又是主体，作者将此描述为基本比例紊乱（Grundverhältnisstörung）。
