Baghurst P A, Rohan T E
Division of Human Nutrition, Commonwealth Scientific Industrial Research Organisation, Adelaide, Australia.
Int J Cancer. 1995 Nov 15;63(4):481-5. doi: 10.1002/ijc.2910630403.
Following a recent finding, from a case-control study in Adelaide, South Australia, of a reduced risk of breast cancer among women consuming diets rich in fiber, the fiber densities in the diets of 354 women with incident benign proliferative epithelial disorders of the breast (BPED) were compared with the fiber densities of the diets of 354 matched community controls and with those of 189 unmatched controls having breast conditions for which there was no evidence of BPED at biopsy. Fiber intakes were estimated by means of a self-administered quantitative food-frequency questionnaire, and the risk of BPED was estimated for each quintile of fiber density (grams of fiber/megaJoule of total energy intake) relative to an arbitrarily assigned risk of one for the lowest quintile. For women with the highest dietary fiber densities the estimated risk was 0.64 (95% CI 0.34, 1.19) when cases were compared with community controls, and 0.45 (95% CI 0.24, 0.82) when cases were compared with biopsy-negative controls. Similar trends in risk were observed for the intakes of other major fiber components, the association being stronger when the comparison was made with biopsy-negative as opposed to community controls. If these findings can be substantiated, they may open the way to dietary intervention strategies for reducing the incidence of breast cancer.
最近,在南澳大利亚阿德莱德开展的一项病例对照研究发现,食用富含纤维饮食的女性患乳腺癌的风险降低。之后,研究人员比较了354名患有乳腺良性增生性上皮疾病(BPED)的女性、354名匹配的社区对照女性以及189名未匹配的对照女性(活检时未发现BPED证据的乳腺疾病患者)饮食中的纤维密度。纤维摄入量通过自行填写的定量食物频率问卷进行估算,并针对纤维密度的每个五分位数(纤维克数/总能量摄入兆焦耳数)估算BPED风险,相对于最低五分位数任意设定的风险值为1。与社区对照相比,膳食纤维密度最高的女性患BPED的估计风险为0.64(95%可信区间0.34, 1.19);与活检阴性对照相比,该估计风险为0.45(95%可信区间0.24, 0.82)。其他主要纤维成分的摄入量也观察到类似的风险趋势,与活检阴性对照相比时关联更强,而与社区对照相比时则较弱。如果这些发现能够得到证实,可能会为降低乳腺癌发病率的饮食干预策略开辟道路。