Ruiz T, Ronda E, Alvarez-Dardet C, Gil V, Belda J
Departamento de Salud Pública, Universidad de Alicante.
Gac Sanit. 1995 Mar-Apr;9(47):76-83.
It has been recently published different studies that support the idea that the health services make variability according to the patient's gender. In this sense, the aim of this study is to find out if there are gender differences in diagnostic and therapeutic care in health problems attended in emergency services. With the purpose of assessing this problem in a public hospital in Spain we have make a secondary analysis of the patient's findings got in the Emergency Service of Elche Hospital during four weeks in 1985.3, 709 patients were attended during this period. The results show a greater utilization of this service by men ORmale/female = 1.37 (1.29-1.47). The waiting time was higher for women (35 minutes) than men (29 minutes) (p = 0.0001), and also the time of getting a diagnostic (86 minutes vs 76) (p = 0.003). Diagnostic test were more frequent perform to women than men ORmale/female = 0.75 (0.64-0.85) meanwhile men receive treatment more often, ORmale/female = 1.34 (1.09-1.47). The associations are adjusted for age, diagnostic groups and patient's destination. Taking into account the possibility of more severity diseases among men that could explain the shorter waiting time and the therapeutic effort, the results show the possibility of an inequality attitude in the emergency services that would need further investigations. The more frequent use of diagnostic tests among women and consequently the longer diagnostic time, could be explain by the fact of the higher rates of nonspecific pathology.
最近发表了不同的研究，支持卫生服务根据患者性别存在差异的观点。从这个意义上说，本研究的目的是查明在急诊服务中处理的健康问题的诊断和治疗护理方面是否存在性别差异。为了评估西班牙一家公立医院的这个问题，我们对1985年埃尔切医院急诊服务四周期间获得的患者检查结果进行了二次分析。在此期间共诊治了3709名患者。结果显示男性对这项服务的利用率更高（男性/女性 = 1.37，95%置信区间为1.29 - 1.47）。女性的等待时间（35分钟）比男性（29分钟）更长（p = 0.0001），确诊时间也是如此（86分钟对76分钟）（p = 0.003）。对女性进行诊断测试的频率高于男性（男性/女性 = 0.75，95%置信区间为0.64 - 0.85），而男性接受治疗的频率更高（男性/女性 = 1.34，95%置信区间为1.09 - 1.47）。这些关联已根据年龄、诊断组和患者去向进行了调整。考虑到男性中可能存在更多严重疾病，这可以解释较短的等待时间和治疗力度，结果显示急诊服务中可能存在不平等态度，这需要进一步调查。女性中诊断测试使用频率更高以及因此确诊时间更长，可能是由于非特异性病理学发生率较高这一事实所解释。
