Cross A T, Babicz D, Cushman L F
J Nutr Elder. 1995;14(2-3):27-38. doi: 10.1300/J052v14n02_03.
This study evaluated snacking behavior among 335 non-institutionalized Americans aged 55 years and older. Respondents were randomly selected from the fifty states excluding Hawaii and Alaska and questioned by trained telephone interviewers using the CATI system. The study found that the majority of seniors snacked at least once daily with only 2.1% reporting that they never snack. Morning is the least common and evening is the most common time for snacking. Almost all snacking occurs at home. When selecting snacks, taste outranks nutrition as selection criteria. Fruits were popular but were chosen less often than other snacks. Findings suggest that snacking should be targeted with specific nutrition education messages that address the influences of time of day, location, and qualities of foods upon the choices made when snacking.
这项研究评估了335名55岁及以上非机构化美国人的吃零食行为。受访者是从除夏威夷和阿拉斯加之外的五十个州中随机选取的，并由经过培训的电话访问员使用计算机辅助电话调查（CATI）系统进行询问。研究发现，大多数老年人每天至少吃一次零食，只有2.1%的人表示他们从不吃零食。吃零食最不常见的时间是上午，最常见的时间是晚上。几乎所有的零食都是在家中食用。在选择零食时，口味作为选择标准比营养更重要。水果很受欢迎，但被选择的频率低于其他零食。研究结果表明，应该针对吃零食行为开展特定的营养教育信息宣传，这些信息要涉及一天中的时间、地点以及食物品质对吃零食时所做选择的影响。
