Ponzer S, Bergman B, Brismar B
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stockholm Söder Hospital, Sweden.
J Trauma. 1995 Jun;38(6):845-50. doi: 10.1097/00005373-199506000-00001.
This study is based on all victims of firearm injuries (n = 820) treated in public hospitals in Stockholm, Sweden, between 1972 and 1992. The aim of the study was to determine the sociodemographic characteristics, criminality, and mortality in victims of firearm injuries. The diagnosis was accident in 56.0%, suicide/attempted suicide in 11.7%, murder/attempted murder in 20.6%, and undetermined in 11.7%. Information was procured from the Swedish National Population Register, the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare's register on causes of death, and the Swedish National Police Board's register on sentences passed. The average victim of a firearm injury was a young man, single, and often divorced. The proportion of immigrants was larger than expected, involvement in criminality was massive, and the mortality rate was high. The risk of being killed by the gunshot if brought to the hospital alive was relatively low, except in the cases of attempted suicide. The recurrent rate in violent trauma was high. It is suggested that secondary prevention could make an important contribution to the reduction of firearm injuries and fatalities. If the necessary surgical care is supplemented with a psychosocial intervention program to help the patient change his or her current situation, the number of "chronic" victims of violence could be reduced.
本研究基于1972年至1992年间在瑞典斯德哥尔摩公立医院接受治疗的所有火器伤受害者（n = 820）。该研究的目的是确定火器伤受害者的社会人口学特征、犯罪情况和死亡率。诊断结果为意外事故的占56.0%，自杀/自杀未遂的占11.7%，谋杀/谋杀未遂的占20.6%，情况不明的占11.7%。信息来自瑞典国家人口登记册、瑞典国家卫生和福利委员会的死亡原因登记册以及瑞典国家警察局的判刑登记册。火器伤的平均受害者是年轻男性，单身，且经常离婚。移民比例高于预期，犯罪参与度高，死亡率也高。除自杀未遂情况外，如果活着被送往医院，被枪击致死的风险相对较低。暴力创伤的复发率很高。建议二级预防可为减少火器伤和死亡做出重要贡献。如果在必要的手术治疗基础上辅以社会心理干预项目以帮助患者改变其现状，暴力“慢性”受害者的数量可能会减少。
