Danilowicz D, Kronzon I
Am J Cardiol. 1979 Feb;43(2):248-52. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9149(79)80011-9.
Contrast echocardiography is useful in diagnosing the presence of partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection, particularly when it occurs in association with an atrial septal defect. Injections of saline solution, Cardiogreen or the patient's own blood were made in the inferior vena cava, left atrium and pulmonary veins of 27 patients. In all patients, the inferior vena caval injections showed only right heart clouding with no evidence of a right to left shunt. In 21 patients, the left atrial and pulmonary venous injections showed clouding of both the right and left heart structures, indicating a left to right atrial shunt and normal pulmonary venous connection. In six patients, the left artrial injections showed right and left heart clouding, but the right pulmonary venous injections showed only right heart structures, indicating a left to right atrial shunt with partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection. Contrast echocardiography proved to be a sensitive method of diagnosing the anomalous venous connection without the use of dye curves. The method is not useful when a right to left atrial shunt is present and may show false positive results for partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection it left atrial visualization is not adequate during injection into the pulmonary vein.
对比超声心动图在诊断部分性肺静脉异位连接的存在方面很有用，特别是当它与房间隔缺损同时出现时。对27例患者在下腔静脉、左心房和肺静脉内注射生理盐水、Cardiogreen或患者自身血液。在所有患者中，下腔静脉注射仅显示右心显影，无右向左分流的证据。在21例患者中，左心房和肺静脉注射显示右心和左心结构均显影，提示存在左向右心房分流及正常的肺静脉连接。在6例患者中，左心房注射显示右心和左心显影，但右肺静脉注射仅显示右心结构，提示存在左向右心房分流及部分性肺静脉异位连接。对比超声心动图被证明是一种无需使用染料曲线就能诊断异常静脉连接的敏感方法。当存在右向左心房分流时该方法无用，并且如果在向肺静脉注射时左心房显影不充分，对于部分性肺静脉异位连接可能会显示假阳性结果。
