Madjar S, Weissberg D
Department of Surgery, Tel Aviv University Sackler School of Medicine, Holon, Israel.
Chest. 1995 Jul;108(1):78-82. doi: 10.1378/chest.108.1.78.
Retrosternal goiter is a common cause of compression of adjacent structures, and it may harbor cancer.
During a 22-year period, we treated 44 patients with intrathoracic multinodular goiter.
The goiter was resected in 40 patients; 4 patients were rejected because of prohibitive risk. There were three minor complications and no deaths.
The specific indications for resection include compression of adjacent structures, prevention of future complications, and obtaining a diagnosis. Fine-needle aspiration for diagnosis is not always possible and rarely reliable, and there is no effective medical therapy. Cervical incision is nearly always adequate, with few exceptions, such as very large posterior goiter, mediastinal blood supply, or carcinoma necessitating mediastinal dissection.
胸骨后甲状腺肿是相邻结构受压的常见原因，且可能伴有癌症。
在22年期间，我们治疗了44例胸内多结节性甲状腺肿患者。
40例患者的甲状腺肿被切除；4例患者因风险过高被拒绝手术。有3例轻微并发症，无死亡病例。
切除的具体指征包括相邻结构受压、预防未来并发症以及明确诊断。细针穿刺诊断并非总是可行，且可靠性很低，同时也没有有效的药物治疗方法。除极少数情况外，如非常大的后位甲状腺肿、纵隔血供或需要纵隔清扫的癌，颈部切口几乎总是足够的。
