Weinberg E L, Spencer P S
Brain Res. 1979 Feb 23;162(2):273-9. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(79)90289-0.
Continuing from earlier work which demonstrated the peripheral axonal regulation of Schwann cell myelination, this study has investigated the possibility that a peripheral axon can stimulate oligodendrocyte myelination. To test this hypothesis, regenerating PNS axons were allowed to interact with uncommitted oligodendrocytes by transecting a rat peroneal nerve and inserting a segment of the autologous optic nerve between the cut ends. Grafts were maintained for 4-28 weeks and then examined by light and electron microscopy. A few regenerating peripheral myelinated nerve fibers penetrated the optic nerve graft. Some axons penetrated the outer margin of the graft, were myelinated by Schwann cells, and surrounded by astrocyte processes bordered by basal lamina. More centrally in the optic nerve graft, regenerating peripheral axons displayed myelin of CNS type. The outer myelin lamella abutted directly on the plasmalemma surface of surrounding astrocytic processes and was expanded focally to form a glial tongue. These observations demonstrate the experimental induction of central myelination by regenerating peripheral axons and suggest the existence of a common neuronal mechanism to stimulate myelin formation by both the Schwann cell and the oligodendrocyte.
延续早期证明雪旺细胞髓鞘形成的外周轴突调节作用的研究工作，本研究调查了外周轴突能否刺激少突胶质细胞髓鞘形成的可能性。为了验证这一假设，通过横断大鼠腓总神经并在断端之间插入一段自体视神经，使再生的周围神经系统轴突与未分化的少突胶质细胞相互作用。移植体维持4 - 28周，然后通过光镜和电镜检查。少数再生的外周有髓神经纤维穿透视神经移植体。一些轴突穿透移植体的外缘，被雪旺细胞髓鞘化，并被由基膜界定的星形胶质细胞突起包围。在视神经移植体更靠中心的部位，再生的外周轴突呈现中枢神经系统类型的髓鞘。外层髓鞘板直接邻接周围星形胶质细胞突起的质膜表面，并局部扩展形成胶质舌。这些观察结果证明了再生的外周轴突可实验性诱导中枢髓鞘形成，并提示存在一种共同的神经元机制来刺激雪旺细胞和少突胶质细胞形成髓鞘。
