Fujii Y, Tanaka H, Toyooka H
Department of Anaesthesiology, Toride Kyodo General Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan.
Can J Anaesth. 1995 May;42(5 Pt 1):387-90. doi: 10.1007/BF03015482.
The prophylactic antiemetic efficacy of combined granisetron and dexamethasone was evaluated in a randomized double-blind manner in 88 patients undergoing general anaesthesia for major gynaecological surgery. Immediately after recovery from anaesthesia, patients received a single dose of either placebo (saline, n = 22), granisetron (20 micrograms.kg-1, n = 22), dexamethasone (8 mg, n = 22) or combined granisetron and dexamethasone (20 micrograms.kg-1 and 8 mg, respectively, n = 22) iv. The treatment groups were similar for patient demography, surgical procedures, anaesthetics administered and opioids given. Postoperatively, the frequency of nausea was 32%, 23%, 27% and 5% after administration of placebo, granisetron, dexamethasone and granisetron plus dexamethasone, respectively; the corresponding frequencies of vomiting were 23%, 23%, 23% and 5%. The incidence of adverse events postoperatively were not different among the groups. It is concluded that prophylactic administration of combined granisetron and dexamethasone is effective in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting after anaesthesia.
在88例接受大型妇科手术全身麻醉的患者中，以随机双盲方式评估了格拉司琼和地塞米松联合用药的预防性止吐效果。麻醉苏醒后，患者静脉注射单剂量的安慰剂（生理盐水，n = 22）、格拉司琼（20微克·千克⁻¹，n = 22）、地塞米松（8毫克，n = 22）或格拉司琼与地塞米松联合用药（分别为20微克·千克⁻¹和8毫克，n = 22）。各治疗组在患者人口统计学、手术操作、所用麻醉剂和给予的阿片类药物方面相似。术后，给予安慰剂、格拉司琼、地塞米松和格拉司琼加地塞米松后，恶心的发生率分别为32%、23%、27%和5%；相应的呕吐发生率分别为23%、23%、23%和5%。术后不良事件的发生率在各组之间无差异。结论是，预防性给予格拉司琼和地塞米松联合用药可有效预防麻醉后术后恶心和呕吐。
