Peipert J F, Metheny W P, Schulz K
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brown University School of Medicine, Women & Infants' Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
Obstet Gynecol. 1995 Aug;86(2):302-5. doi: 10.1016/0029-7844(95)00104-y.
The calculation of sample size should be an integral part of the planning stages of all research projects to avoid wasting time, money, and valuable resources. The necessary information for sample size calculations includes the alpha (type I) error level, the beta (type II) error, delta (or the difference you would like to be able to detect), and, for continuous variables, the variance. We review these terms and outline their importance in the calculation of sample size and statistical power. When necessary, the investigator should seek expertise and advice to perform these calculations.
样本量的计算应成为所有研究项目规划阶段不可或缺的一部分，以避免浪费时间、金钱和宝贵资源。计算样本量所需的信息包括α（I型）错误水平、β（II型）错误、δ（或你希望能够检测到的差异），对于连续变量，还包括方差。我们将回顾这些术语，并概述它们在样本量计算和统计功效中的重要性。必要时，研究者应寻求专业知识和建议来进行这些计算。
