Babcock D S
Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1995 Aug;165(2):417-23. doi: 10.2214/ajr.165.2.7618570.
Three primary imaging techniques are currently available for evaluating CNS disease in the infant: sonography, CT, and MR imaging. No one technique is optimal in all situations. An integrated approach may be the most appropriate and cost-effective. Sonography plays a role in screening for and following up intracranial hemorrhage in premature infants, in diagnosing congenital malformations of the brain, and in the initial diagnosis and follow-up of infants with hydrocephalus. Sonography can be used to diagnose periventricular leukomalacia and hypoxic/ischemic injury, but it is relatively insensitive in the acute phase. Doppler sonography plays a role in determining if a structure is vascular, such as vein of Galen aneurysm, and in assessing embolization of a vascular malformation. Doppler sonography also can be used at the bedside to diagnose suspected thrombosis of intracranial vessels. The purpose of this essay is to review the role of sonography in the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of these conditions.
超声检查、CT和磁共振成像（MR成像）。没有一种技术在所有情况下都是最佳的。综合方法可能是最合适且最具成本效益的。超声检查在筛查和随访早产儿颅内出血、诊断先天性脑畸形以及脑积水婴儿的初步诊断和随访中发挥作用。超声检查可用于诊断脑室周围白质软化和缺氧/缺血性损伤，但在急性期相对不敏感。多普勒超声检查在确定某个结构是否为血管性结构（如大脑大静脉瘤）以及评估血管畸形的栓塞情况方面发挥作用。多普勒超声检查还可在床边用于诊断疑似颅内血管血栓形成。本文的目的是综述超声检查在这些疾病的诊断、治疗和随访中的作用。
