Yang X, Manninen H, Soimakallio S
Department of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
Acta Radiol. 1995 Jul;36(4):330-7.
Angiography with iodinated contrast agents is bound up with the risks of contrast-induced nephrotoxicity and hypersensitivity, which led to the idea of using carbon dioxide (CO2) gas as a negative contrast medium to eliminate these drawbacks. During the last decade, refinements and experiences have proved carbon dioxide digital subtraction angiography (CO2-DSA) to be an accurate, safe, and clinically promising vascular imaging modality, with the advantages of no hypersensitivity and no nephrotoxicity as well as minimal patient discomfort. In this article, we have reviewed the history, physical and chemical aspects, techniques, and pathophysiologic changes with the use of CO2-DSA as well as some clinical trials. Applications of CO2 gas in vascular interventions and other imagings, and the advantages and limitations of using CO2 gas in DSA are also discussed.
使用碘化造影剂进行血管造影存在造影剂诱发的肾毒性和超敏反应风险，这促使人们想到使用二氧化碳（CO₂）气体作为阴性造影剂来消除这些缺点。在过去十年中，技术的改进和经验已证明二氧化碳数字减影血管造影（CO₂-DSA）是一种准确、安全且在临床上有前景的血管成像方式，具有无超敏反应、无肾毒性以及患者不适感最小等优点。在本文中，我们回顾了CO₂-DSA的历史、物理和化学方面、技术、病理生理变化以及一些临床试验。还讨论了CO₂气体在血管介入和其他成像中的应用，以及在DSA中使用CO₂气体的优缺点。
