Cabellos C, Viladrich P F, Verdaguer R, Pallares R, Liñares J, Gudiol F
Infectious Diseases Service, Ciutat Sanitària i Universitària de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain.
Clin Infect Dis. 1995 May;20(5):1164-8. doi: 10.1093/clinids/20.5.1164.
Although the pharmacokinetics of ceftriaxone allows its administration in a single daily dose, this practice is not standard in the treatment of bacterial meningitis. Herein, we review our experience and that of other investigators with this mode of therapy. We used a single daily dose of ceftriaxone (50 mg/[kg.d]; maximum, 4 g/d) for the treatment of bacterial meningitis in 84 adult patients. Meningitis was due to Neisseria meningitidis in 34 cases, to Streptococcus pneumoniae in 25, to Escherichia coli in three, to Klebsiella pneumoniae in two, to Haemophilus influenzae in two, to viridans streptococci in two, and to an unknown agent in 16. Eleven patients died, for an overall mortality of 13%; therapy failed in three additional cases. The mean trough levels of ceftriaxone in cerebrospinal fluid was 3.5 micrograms/mL; the median trough bactericidal titer at this site was 1:128. Both our experience and that in the literature suggest that a single daily dose is optimal when ceftriaxone is used for the treatment of bacterial meningitis.
尽管头孢曲松的药代动力学特性允许每日单次给药,但这种给药方式在细菌性脑膜炎的治疗中并不规范。在此,我们回顾了我们自己以及其他研究者采用这种治疗方式的经验。我们采用每日单次剂量的头孢曲松(50mg/[kg·d];最大剂量,4g/d)治疗了84例成年细菌性脑膜炎患者。脑膜炎病因如下:34例由脑膜炎奈瑟菌引起,25例由肺炎链球菌引起,3例由大肠埃希菌引起,2例由肺炎克雷伯菌引起,2例由流感嗜血杆菌引起,2例由草绿色链球菌引起,16例病因不明。11例患者死亡,总死亡率为13%;另有3例治疗失败。脑脊液中头孢曲松的平均谷浓度为3.5μg/mL;该部位的中位谷杀菌效价为1:128。我们的经验以及文献中的经验均表明,当使用头孢曲松治疗细菌性脑膜炎时,每日单次剂量是最佳的。