Sonin A H, Fitzgerald S W, Hoff F L, Friedman H, Bresler M E
Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Radiographics. 1995 May;15(3):551-61. doi: 10.1148/radiographics.15.3.7624562.
The posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) of the knee has received little attention in the radiology literature, but its importance in knee stability has come under close scrutiny in recent years. Unrepaired injury of the PCL can lead to chronic instability and early joint degeneration. Three major mechanisms of trauma that involves the PCL are posterior displacement of the tibia in a flexed knee, hyperextension, and rotation combined with an adduction or abduction force. The spectrum of PCL injuries includes partial tear or intrasubstance injury, complete ligamentous rupture, and avulsion of the PCL insertion site on the posterior tibia. Associated injuries include injury of other ligaments, meniscal tear, bone injury, and joint effusion. PCL rupture is easily identified with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging by using simple signal intensity and structural characteristics. Because clinical and arthroscopic assessment of the PCL can be difficult, MR imaging can be valuable for evaluating the acutely injured knee when operative repair of the PCL is being considered.
膝关节后交叉韧带（PCL）在放射学文献中很少受到关注，但近年来其在膝关节稳定性中的重要性受到了密切关注。PCL未修复的损伤可导致慢性不稳定和早期关节退变。涉及PCL的三种主要创伤机制是屈膝时胫骨后移、膝关节过伸以及旋转并伴有内收或外展力。PCL损伤的范围包括部分撕裂或韧带实质内损伤、韧带完全断裂以及PCL在胫骨后部附着点的撕脱。相关损伤包括其他韧带损伤、半月板撕裂、骨损伤和关节积液。通过利用简单的信号强度和结构特征，磁共振（MR）成像很容易识别PCL断裂。由于对PCL进行临床和关节镜评估可能具有难度，因此在考虑对PCL进行手术修复时，MR成像对于评估急性损伤的膝关节可能很有价值。
