Campos-Outcalt D, Ryan K
University of Arizona, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tucson 85724, USA.
Sex Transm Dis. 1995 Mar-Apr;22(2):78-82. doi: 10.1097/00007435-199503000-00002.
The prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases in Hispanic prenatal patients has not been well documented. Studies of disease prevalence in Hispanic patients often are complicated by multiple countries of origin and the combining of foreign-born and U.S.-born Hispanics into a single category.
The purpose of this study was to document the prevalences of sexually transmitted diseases in low-income, pregnant Mexican-American women and to compare the prevalences of those born in the United States with those born in Mexico. We also compared the prevalence of those who recently arrived from Mexico with those who had been in the United States a longer time.
Three-hundred-forty-seven pregnant women attending a clinic for low-income populations were screened for syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, and hepatitis B virus on their first perinatal visit.
Thirty-five women (10.1%) were positive for chlamydia, four (1.2%) for gonorrhea, one (0.3%) for syphilis, and none for hepatitis B virus. Women born in Mexico reported fewer past chlamydia and total sexually transmitted disease infections than Mexican-Americans and non-Hispanic whites born in the United States However, the prevalence of chlamydia and total sexually transmitted diseases did not differ by ethnicity, country of birth, or length of time in the United States The only variable correlated with chlamydia infection was the presence of vaginal discharge, but the sensitivity of this symptom was too low to be clinically useful as a means of selective screening.
Low-income women of Mexican ancestry should be routinely screened for syphilis, gonorrhea, and chlamydia as part of their prenatal care in the United States. The value of hepatitis B virus screening in this population was neither supported nor refuted by this study.
西班牙裔产前患者性传播疾病的患病率尚未得到充分记录。对西班牙裔患者疾病患病率的研究常常因多个原籍国以及将外国出生和美国出生的西班牙裔归为同一类别而变得复杂。
本研究的目的是记录低收入墨西哥裔美国孕妇中性传播疾病的患病率，并比较在美国出生的孕妇与在墨西哥出生的孕妇的患病率。我们还比较了最近从墨西哥抵达的孕妇与在美国居住时间较长的孕妇的患病率。
对在一家低收入人群诊所就诊的347名孕妇在首次围产期就诊时进行梅毒、淋病、衣原体和乙型肝炎病毒筛查。
35名女性（10.1%）衣原体检测呈阳性，4名（1.2%）淋病检测呈阳性，1名（0.3%）梅毒检测呈阳性，无人乙型肝炎病毒检测呈阳性。出生在墨西哥的女性报告的既往衣原体感染和性传播疾病总感染次数少于在美国出生的墨西哥裔美国人和非西班牙裔白人。然而，衣原体感染率和性传播疾病总感染率在种族、出生国或在美国的居住时间方面并无差异。与衣原体感染相关的唯一变量是阴道分泌物的存在，但该症状的敏感性太低，无法作为选择性筛查手段在临床上发挥作用。
在美国，墨西哥裔低收入女性在产前护理中应常规筛查梅毒、淋病和衣原体。本研究既未支持也未反驳该人群乙型肝炎病毒筛查的价值。
