Sarphie T G, Deaciuc I V, Spitzer J J, D'Souza N B
Department of Anatomy, Louisiana State University Medical Center, New Orleans 70112-1393, USA.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1995 Apr;19(2):291-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1995.tb01505.x.
Transmission and scanning electron microscopic studies were performed on the liver sinusoid, with emphasis on sinusoidal endothelial cells, in rats fed a liquid diet containing either alcohol or dextrin (control) for 14 weeks. Animals were also treated with either Gram-negative bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 100 micrograms/100 g body weight, intravenously) or sterile saline (control). All specimens were prepared after perfusion fixation of the liver. Livers of rats fed dextrin-containing liquid diet displayed the ultrastructural features typical of the sinusoid and its endothelial cells. Livers from alcohol-fed animals, however, were characterized by massive loss of sieve-plate architecture of the sinusoidal endothelium, which was virtually replaced with a meshwork of enlarged openings with diameters frequently exceeding 1 micron. Morphological evidence of Kupffer cell activation could also be seen along with significant fatty infiltration of the hepatocyte. Conversely, LPS administration to dextrin-fed animals induced an apparent decrease in fenestration of the sinusoidal endothelial cell, accompanied by morphological evidence of enhanced endocytotic activity and cytoplasmic swelling. The changes seen 3 hr after LPS administration were markedly advanced at 24 hr. LPS administration to alcohol-fed rats accentuated the alterations observed after alcohol treatment alone. Additionally, the presence of platelets in the sinusoid as well as adhering to the hepatocyte microvilli in the space of Disse, along with the presence of Ito and Kupffer cell activation, greater than that observed in the alcohol-treated rats, is morphological evidence consistent with the disruption of vascular integrity in the liver.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
对喂食含酒精或糊精（对照）液体饮食14周的大鼠肝脏窦状隙进行了透射和扫描电子显微镜研究，重点是窦状隙内皮细胞。动物还接受了革兰氏阴性菌脂多糖（LPS；100微克/100克体重，静脉注射）或无菌生理盐水（对照）治疗。所有标本均在肝脏灌注固定后制备。喂食含糊精液体饮食的大鼠肝脏呈现出窦状隙及其内皮细胞典型的超微结构特征。然而，喂食酒精的动物肝脏的特征是窦状隙内皮细胞筛板结构大量丧失，实际上被直径经常超过1微米的扩大开口网络所取代。还可以看到库普弗细胞活化的形态学证据以及肝细胞明显的脂肪浸润。相反，给喂食糊精的动物注射LPS会导致窦状隙内皮细胞窗孔明显减少，同时伴有内吞活性增强和细胞质肿胀的形态学证据。注射LPS 3小时后出现的变化在24小时时明显加剧。给喂食酒精的大鼠注射LPS会加重仅酒精治疗后观察到的改变。此外，窦状隙中存在血小板以及在狄氏间隙中附着于肝细胞微绒毛，同时存在伊托细胞和库普弗细胞活化，且比酒精处理的大鼠更明显，这是与肝脏血管完整性破坏一致的形态学证据。（摘要截断于250字）
