Gitter A J, Stolov W C
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
Muscle Nerve. 1995 Aug;18(8):799-811. doi: 10.1002/mus.880180803.
Technical and instrumentation factors play an important role in obtaining reliable information during electrodiagnostic studies. With contemporary electrodiagnostic equipment, neurophysiologic potentials are detected using a variety of electrodes and undergo differential amplification, filtering, conversion to digital form, and finally, analysis and display. Understanding the signal processing principles, limitations, and sources of errors that can occur during this multistep process can improve the technical quality of studies, minimize preventable errors, and improve clinical interpretation. Part I of this minimonograph reviews the basic principles of action potential generation and overviews electrodiagnostic instrumentation. The concept of waveform frequency content is related to the role of filters in suppressing noise while preserving waveform latency, amplitude, and morphology. The electrical characteristics of various surface and needle electrodes influence instrument design and the nature of the potentials recorded. This is especially important in understanding the differences in motor unit characteristics obtained from monopolar and concentric needle electrodes.
在电诊断研究过程中，技术和仪器因素对于获取可靠信息起着重要作用。使用当代电诊断设备时，神经生理电位通过各种电极进行检测，并经过差分放大、滤波、转换为数字形式，最后进行分析和显示。了解在此多步骤过程中可能出现的信号处理原理、局限性和误差来源，可提高研究的技术质量，将可预防的误差降至最低，并改善临床解释。本微型专题论文的第一部分回顾了动作电位产生的基本原理，并概述了电诊断仪器。波形频率成分的概念与滤波器在抑制噪声同时保留波形潜伏期、幅度和形态方面的作用相关。各种表面电极和针电极的电学特性会影响仪器设计以及所记录电位的性质。这对于理解从单极针电极和同心针电极获得的运动单位特征差异尤为重要。
