[Pathogenetic aspects of otosclerosis].

Basic otosclerosis pathogenetic factors are reviewed with a special emphasis on heredity. The inheritance in otosclerosis is autosomal dominant with incomplete gene expression. The involvement of HLA antigens is detailed. Autoimmune origin of the disease is confirmed morphologically and immunologically in perilymph and serum tests. There are infiltrates with lymphocytes, plasmatic and mast cells in basis stapedial mucoperiostal tissue. Perilymph contained significantly elevated levels of IgG and IgM, of antibodies to native DNA and type II collagen, especially in patients with active otosclerotic foci. Validation of relevant etiopathogenetic mechanism is provided basing on first-hand experience and literature data.