Biomechanical features of axial injuries to the lower limbs and to the pelvic ring by motor car collisions.

By frontal car collision, passengers are exposed, commonly, by dynamic deceleration force, applied to the lower limb and acting in the direction of the femoral shaft axis. This force could be transmitted from the foot, or from the knee to the hip joint, resulting in typical fractures of the femoral shaft, upper part of the femur as of the acetabulum. The authors have described radiological feature and three dimensional definition of these fractures as well as their ergonomic characteristics. The purpose of this study was to explain biomechanical etiology of acetabular and proximal fractures of the femur. This analysis may be useful in prevention of these fractures.