Newell D G, Hewinson R G
Bacteriology Department, Central Veterinary Laboratory, Addlestone, Surrey.
Vet Rec. 1995 May 6;136(18):459-63. doi: 10.1136/vr.136.18.459.
The control of bovine tuberculosis remains a significant problem in the United Kingdom, especially in the south west of England where the rising prevalence of the disease is attributed to a reservoir of Mycobacterium bovis infection in badgers. The possibility of controlling the disease by the vaccination of cattle has been unpopular with veterinarians largely because of the potential compromise of existing diagnostic tests. However, the vaccination of badgers to reduce the risk of transmission to cattle is an attractive option and has now been adopted as a potential control strategy. Recent research has led to important advances in the molecular genetics of mycobacteria and in the understanding of protective immune responses. These advances mean that it may be feasible to design and develop effective mycobacterial vaccines. This review summarises the current understanding of protective immunity against M bovis infection and discusses the possible strategies for the development of vaccines.
在英国，牛结核病的防控仍是一个重大问题，尤其是在英格兰西南部，该病患病率不断上升被认为是獾体内存在牛分枝杆菌感染源所致。通过给牛接种疫苗来控制该病的可能性在很大程度上未得到兽医们的认可，主要是因为这可能会影响现有的诊断检测。然而，给獾接种疫苗以降低向牛传播疾病的风险是一个有吸引力的选择，现已被作为一种潜在的控制策略采用。最近的研究在分枝杆菌分子遗传学以及对保护性免疫反应的理解方面取得了重要进展。这些进展意味着设计和开发有效的分枝杆菌疫苗可能是可行的。本综述总结了目前对牛分枝杆菌感染保护性免疫的认识，并讨论了疫苗开发的可能策略。
