Friede A, Blum H L, McDonald M
Information Resources Management Office, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
Annu Rev Public Health. 1995;16:239-52. doi: 10.1146/annurev.pu.16.050195.001323.
The combination of the burgeoning interest in health, health care reform and the advent of the Information Age, represents a challenge and an opportunity for public health. If public health's effectiveness and profile are to grow, practitioners and researchers will need reliable, timely information with which to make information-driven decisions, better ways to communicate, and improved tools to analyze and present new knowledge. "Public Health Informatics" (PHI) is the science of applying Information-Age technology to serve the specialized needs of public health. In this paper we define Public Health Informatics, outline specific benefits that may accrue from its widespread application, and discuss why and how an academic discipline of public health informatics should be developed. Finally, we make specific recommendations for actions that government and academia can take to assure that public health professionals have the systems, tools, and training to use PHI to advance the mission of public health.
对健康的兴趣迅速增长、医疗保健改革以及信息时代的到来，这三者的结合给公共卫生带来了挑战，也带来了机遇。如果要提高公共卫生的成效和形象，从业者和研究人员将需要可靠、及时的信息来做出基于信息的决策，需要更好的沟通方式，以及改进的工具来分析和呈现新知识。“公共卫生信息学”（PHI）是一门应用信息时代技术来满足公共卫生特殊需求的科学。在本文中，我们定义了公共卫生信息学，概述了其广泛应用可能带来的具体益处，并讨论了为何以及如何发展公共卫生信息学这一学科。最后，我们针对政府和学术界可以采取的行动提出了具体建议，以确保公共卫生专业人员拥有使用公共卫生信息学来推进公共卫生使命的系统、工具和培训。
