Sammallahti P, Aalberg V
Department of Psychiatry, University of Helsinki, Finland.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 1995 Aug;183(8):516-21. doi: 10.1097/00005053-199508000-00004.
Do patients with DSM-III-R axis II diagnoses use defenses thought to be specific to personality disorders, such as omnipotence, devaluation, splitting, and projective identification? Thirty-one psychiatric outpatients with personality disorders, 42 neurotic outpatients, and 353 community controls completed the 88-item Defense Style Questionnaire. Factor analysis yielded four factors (defense styles). One of them consisted of omnipotence, devaluation, splitting, denial, isolation, and projective identification, defenses considered as typically "borderline" (Cronbach's alpha = .72). The personality disorder group scored significantly higher on the borderline defense style than did the other two groups. The other defense styles (mature, immature, and neurotic) did not differentiate between the patient groups, but the mature and immature styles did distinguish between patients and healthy controls.
患有《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版修订本（DSM-III-R）轴II诊断的患者是否会使用被认为是人格障碍所特有的防御机制，如全能感、贬低、分裂和投射性认同？31名患有精神疾病的人格障碍门诊患者、42名神经症门诊患者和353名社区对照者完成了88项防御方式问卷。因子分析得出四个因子（防御方式）。其中一个因子由全能感、贬低、分裂、否认、隔离和投射性认同组成，这些防御机制被认为是典型的“边缘型”（克朗巴哈系数α = 0.72）。人格障碍组在边缘型防御方式上的得分显著高于其他两组。其他防御方式（成熟型、不成熟型和神经症型）在患者组之间没有差异，但成熟型和不成熟型防御方式确实能区分患者和健康对照者。
