Rosenberg M E, Silkensen J
Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, USA.
Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 1995 Jul;27(7):633-45. doi: 10.1016/1357-2725(95)00027-m.
Clusterin is a heterodimeric glycoprotein produced by a wide array of tissues and found in most biologic fluids. A number of physiologic functions have been proposed for clusterin based on its distribution and in vitro properties. These include complement regulation, lipid transport, sperm maturation, initiation of apoptosis, endocrine secretion, membrane protection, and promotion of cell interactions. A prominent and defining feature of clusterin is its induction in such disease states as glomerulonephritis, polycystic kidney disease, renal tubular injury, neurodegenerative conditions including Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis, and myocardial infarction. The expression of clusterin in these states is puzzling, from the specific molecular species and cellular pathways eliciting such expression, to the roles subserved by clusterin once induced. This review will discuss these physiologic and pathophysiologic aspects of clusterin and speculate on its role in disease.
簇集素是一种由多种组织产生的异源二聚体糖蛋白，存在于大多数生物体液中。基于其分布和体外特性，人们提出了簇集素的多种生理功能。这些功能包括补体调节、脂质转运、精子成熟、细胞凋亡启动、内分泌分泌、膜保护以及促进细胞相互作用。簇集素的一个突出且决定性的特征是它在诸如肾小球肾炎、多囊肾病、肾小管损伤、包括阿尔茨海默病在内的神经退行性疾病、动脉粥样硬化和心肌梗死等疾病状态下的诱导表达。从引发这种表达的特定分子种类和细胞途径，到簇集素一旦被诱导后所发挥的作用，其在这些状态下的表达都令人困惑。本综述将讨论簇集素的这些生理和病理生理方面，并推测其在疾病中的作用。
