Singh N, Anand S
Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.
Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 1995 Apr;39(2):91-4.
Two distinct forms of cell death are known, necrosis which results from physical or chemical insult and apoptosis or programmed cell death results from programming within the cell for self destruction in response to internal and external stimuli. Apoptosis is a genetically governed process of cell death occurring in development and maintenance of multicellular organisms. It occurs to get rid of individual cells that become unwanted for various reasons or that present a threat to the organism. It is accompanied by distinct morphological changes. DNA fragmentation in most cases, and appears to be caused by the activities of specific genes. Its defective regulation may play a part in the aetiology of cancer, AIDS, autoimmune and degenerative diseases. Apoptosis offers potential for prevention and therapeutic modulation of these disorders.
已知有两种不同形式的细胞死亡，一种是由物理或化学损伤导致的坏死，另一种是细胞凋亡或程序性细胞死亡，它是细胞内针对内部和外部刺激进行自我毁灭的程序所导致的。细胞凋亡是多细胞生物体发育和维持过程中发生的由基因控制的细胞死亡过程。它发生的目的是清除因各种原因变得多余或对生物体构成威胁的单个细胞。它伴随着明显的形态变化，在大多数情况下会出现DNA片段化，似乎是由特定基因的活动引起的。其调节缺陷可能在癌症、艾滋病、自身免疫性疾病和退行性疾病的病因学中起作用。细胞凋亡为预防和治疗这些疾病提供了可能性。
