Bhatta K M
Redington Fairview General Hospital, Skowhegan, Maine 04976, USA.
Lasers Surg Med. 1995;16(4):312-30. doi: 10.1002/lsm.1900160403.
Ever since Mulvany first described use of Ruby laser for lithotripsy, urologists have been exploiting every possible application of this technology. Laser lithotripsy in the 1980s and now laser prostatectomy in the 1990s have dominated laser usage in urology. Applications of lasers for superficial lesions (e.g., condylomata acuminata and carcinoma of penis) have found an established role. Interests in laser welding, photodynamic therapy and fluorescence continues to grow and evolve. The laser industry at the same time is striving to provide more efficient lasers. High power lasers (Holmium:YAG, KTP:YAG) and laser machines combining double wavelengths (Nd:YAG and KTP, Ho: YAG and Nd:YAG) are commercially available. Diode lasers with their portability and reliability qualities can now provide high output powers in various wavelengths. Here, we have reviewed different lasers, laser tissue interaction and clinical laser applications relevent to urology.
自从马尔瓦尼首次描述红宝石激光用于碎石术以来，泌尿科医生一直在探索这项技术的各种可能应用。20世纪80年代的激光碎石术以及如今90年代的激光前列腺切除术主导了激光在泌尿科的应用。激光用于浅表病变（如尖锐湿疣和阴茎癌）已确立了其作用。对激光焊接、光动力疗法和荧光的兴趣持续增长并不断发展。与此同时，激光行业正在努力提供更高效的激光器。高功率激光器（钬：钇铝石榴石、磷酸钛氧钾：钇铝石榴石）以及结合双波长的激光设备（钕：钇铝石榴石和磷酸钛氧钾、钬：钇铝石榴石和钕：钇铝石榴石）已在市场上销售。具有便携性和可靠性的二极管激光器现在可以在各种波长下提供高输出功率。在此，我们回顾了与泌尿科相关的不同激光器、激光与组织的相互作用以及临床激光应用。
