Arrastia A M, Wilder-Smith P, Berns M W
Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, University of California, Irvine 92715, USA.
Lasers Surg Med. 1995;16(4):343-50. doi: 10.1002/lsm.1900160405.
Thermal effects of direct exposure of the pulp chamber to CO2 laser irradiation were evaluated and potentially safe parameters for its clinical application were determined.
STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using conventional methods, the pulp chambers of freshly extracted primary cuspids were exposed and then subjected to CO2 laser irradiation at the following parameters: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 15, and 20 Watts power settings; 0.76 mm diameter spot size; total energy densities between 4-1,058 J/cm2; exposure time between .01-60 s. Exposures in the continuous wave mode were performed in some specimens. In others, single firings of a .01 s pulse duration and a 1 s pulse interval were conducted. Temperature measurements were conducted using a thermocouple and thermal camera.
Significant statistical differences in maximum temperature rise on enamel were observed in groups that received total energy densities > or = 8 J/cm2 (P < or = 0.01); within the pulp chambers these were observed in groups that used > or = 44 J/cm2 (P < or = 0.01).
Parameters appropriate for pulpotomy were observed at energy densities up to 176 J/cm2 in the continuous wave mode and 264 J/cm2 using single pulses, wherein temperature rises below 5.5 degrees C were recorded on tooth surface.
评估牙髓腔直接暴露于二氧化碳激光照射下的热效应，并确定其临床应用的潜在安全参数。
研究设计/材料与方法：采用常规方法，暴露新鲜拔除的乳尖牙髓腔，然后以以下参数进行二氧化碳激光照射：功率设置为2、4、6、8、10、15和20瓦；光斑直径0.76毫米；总能量密度在4 - 1058焦/平方厘米之间；暴露时间在0.01 - 60秒之间。部分标本采用连续波模式照射，其他标本采用脉冲持续时间0.01秒、脉冲间隔1秒的单次发射。使用热电偶和热成像仪进行温度测量。
在接受总能量密度≥8焦/平方厘米的组中，牙釉质上的最高温度升高存在显著统计学差异（P≤0.01）；在牙髓腔内，使用≥44焦/平方厘米的组中观察到显著差异（P≤0.01）。
在连续波模式下，能量密度高达176焦/平方厘米以及使用单脉冲时能量密度高达264焦/平方厘米时，观察到适合牙髓切断术的参数，此时牙齿表面记录到的温度升高低于5.5摄氏度。
