Schwartz M K
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10022, USA.
Scand J Clin Lab Invest Suppl. 1995;221:5-14. doi: 10.3109/00365519509090558.
Tumour markers are defined as substances, measured by laboratory techniques, which are useful in the management of the patient with cancer. In this review the current clinical use and abuse of tumour markers is discussed with a view to outline the status of quality assurance in their performance and to establish the significance of single marker versus multiple marker analysis. The problems of screening are considered. It is emphasized that in order for tumour markers to take their appropriate place in cancer management the following are needed: high throughput automated equipment; new markers and new assays for old markers; reference materials and standards; nomenclature standardization and the introduction and evaluation of quality assurance programs which include proficiency studies. These needs can only be achieved by close cooperation of clinicians, laboratory professionals and the diagnostic industry.
肿瘤标志物被定义为通过实验室技术测量的物质，其在癌症患者的管理中具有重要作用。在本综述中，将讨论肿瘤标志物目前的临床应用及滥用情况，以期概述其检测性能的质量保证现状，并确定单一标志物分析与多标志物分析的意义。同时也会考虑筛查方面的问题。需要强调的是，为使肿瘤标志物在癌症管理中发挥适当作用，需要以下条件：高通量自动化设备；新的标志物以及旧标志物的新检测方法；参考物质和标准品；命名标准化以及引入和评估包括能力验证研究在内的质量保证计划。只有临床医生、实验室专业人员和诊断行业密切合作，才能满足这些需求。
