Chiara S, Campora E, Simoni C, Confalonieri M, Psilogenis M, Rosso R
Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy.
Anticancer Res. 1995 Jul-Aug;15(4):1597-9.
Forty-three untreated cancer patients receiving moderately emetogenic polychemotherapy entered a phase II trial in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the combination of metoclopramide (40 mg every 6 hrs) and dexamethasone (8 mg every 12 hrs) in the prevention of delayed emesis (days 2-3). For the control of acute emesis all patients received on day 1 ondansetron 8 mg for 3 times. Results of antiemetic treatment were as follows: complete/major protection from acute emesis (day 1) was observed in 72%/88% of patients. Worst day analysis of delayed emesis (days 2 and 3) showed that complete/major protection was obtained in 93%/95% of cases, respectively. Delayed nausea was not as well controlled: complete/major protection was observed in 44%/79% of patients. Extrapyramidal reactions occurred in 3 patients and moderate epigastric pain was reported by 3 patients. Since control of acute emesis could be one of the most important factors influencing delayed emesis, the absence of acute symptoms in 72% of our patients may be partially responsible for the excellent control of delayed emesis. The combination of metoclopramide and dexamethasone is a feasible and effective treatment for delayed emesis in outpatients receiving moderately emetogenic chemotherapy.
43名接受中度致吐性联合化疗的未治疗癌症患者进入了一项II期试验，以评估甲氧氯普胺（每6小时40毫克）和地塞米松（每12小时8毫克）联合使用在预防延迟性呕吐（第2 - 3天）方面的有效性。为控制急性呕吐，所有患者在第1天均接受昂丹司琼8毫克，每日3次。止吐治疗结果如下：72%/88%的患者在急性呕吐（第1天）时获得了完全/主要保护。对延迟性呕吐（第2天和第3天）的最差日分析表明，分别有93%/95%的病例获得了完全/主要保护。延迟性恶心的控制效果不佳：44%/79%的患者观察到完全/主要保护。3名患者出现锥体外系反应，3名患者报告有中度上腹部疼痛。由于控制急性呕吐可能是影响延迟性呕吐的最重要因素之一，我们72%的患者没有急性症状可能部分是延迟性呕吐得到良好控制的原因。对于接受中度致吐性化疗的门诊患者，甲氧氯普胺和地塞米松联合使用是治疗延迟性呕吐的一种可行且有效的方法。
