Weltman A C, Short L J, Mendelson M H, Lilienfeld D E, Rodriguez M
Department of Community Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 1995 May;16(5):268-74. doi: 10.1086/647106.
To characterize disposal-related sharps injuries.
A three-part study including (a) descriptive analysis of disposal-related injuries in a 1-year period, (b) 4:1 matched case-control study of nurses injured while using sharps disposal containers, and (c) survey to solicit opinions of users of containers.
An 1,181-bed teaching hospital in New York City.
For epidemiologic analyses, persons with self-reported injuries identified via New York State and Occupational Safety and Health Administration forms and control nurses without self-reported injuries. For survey, convenience sample of hospital nurses, laboratory workers, and maintenance workers.
Circumstances of injuries determined by study questionnaires. Employee opinions obtained by questionnaires and discussions during small group sessions.
Three hundred sixty-one persons reported sharps injuries, of whom 72 (20%) had disposal-related injuries. Persons with disposal-related injuries included four hospital visitors and one patient. Of 67 disposal-related injuries among employees, 25 (37%) directly involved use of a sharps disposal container. Significant risk factors for injury included container height greater than 4 ft above the floor, distance less than 5 ft from site of sharp object use to nearest container, and lack of attendance at universal precautions inservice classes. Survey groups involved 69 employees who identified a variety of preferred features for sharps disposal containers.
Disposal of sharp objects is an important cause of sharps injuries. Ergonomic factors, worker education, and appropriate container design should be considered in injury prevention strategies. Relevant guidelines and regulations are lacking and are needed.
描述与锐器处理相关的锐器伤情况。
一项分为三个部分的研究，包括（a）对1年期间与锐器处理相关损伤的描述性分析，（b）对使用锐器处理容器时受伤护士进行4:1匹配的病例对照研究，以及（c）征求容器使用者意见的调查。
纽约市一家拥有1181张床位的教学医院。
对于流行病学分析，通过纽约州和职业安全与健康管理局表格确定的自我报告受伤人员以及未自我报告受伤的对照护士。对于调查，选取医院护士、实验室工作人员和维修工人的便利样本。
通过研究问卷确定损伤情况。通过问卷和小组讨论获取员工意见。
361人报告有锐器伤，其中72人（20%）有与锐器处理相关的损伤。与锐器处理相关损伤的人员包括4名医院访客和1名患者。在员工的67例与锐器处理相关的损伤中，25例（37%）直接涉及锐器处理容器的使用。损伤显著的危险因素包括容器高度高于地面4英尺以上、锐器使用地点到最近容器的距离小于5英尺以及未参加普遍预防措施在职培训课程。参与调查的69名员工指出了锐器处理容器的各种理想特征。
锐器处理是锐器伤的一个重要原因。在预防损伤策略中应考虑人体工程学因素、员工教育和适当的容器设计。目前缺乏相关指南和规定，需要制定。
