Grenier P, Beigelman C, Lucidarme O
Service de radiologie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris.
Rev Prat. 1995 May 15;45(10):1233-7.
Standard chest radiographs have been shown to be insensitive for the diagnosis of morphologic abnormalities of airways. Computed tomography is the most sensitive and specific investigation to diagnose emphysema. However, as emphysema may be missed on computed tomography, this investigation cannot be used to definitely rule out the diagnosis. Computed tomography may contribute to the investigation of bronchiolitis, and it is now considered as the gold standard for establishing the diagnosis of bronchiectasis. Imaging may contribute to identify complications such as bronchopulmonary infection, pulmonary hypertension, pneumothorax, cancer of the lung, compressive bullae, and pulmonary embolism.
标准胸部X光片已被证明对气道形态异常的诊断不敏感。计算机断层扫描是诊断肺气肿最敏感和特异的检查方法。然而，由于肺气肿在计算机断层扫描中可能被漏诊，因此这项检查不能用于明确排除诊断。计算机断层扫描可能有助于细支气管炎的检查，现在它被认为是确立支气管扩张诊断的金标准。影像学检查可能有助于识别诸如支气管肺部感染、肺动脉高压、气胸、肺癌、压迫性肺大疱和肺栓塞等并发症。
