Hershey H G, Stewart B L, Warren D W
Am J Orthod. 1976 Mar;69(3):274-84. doi: 10.1016/0002-9416(76)90076-2.
Records consisting of nasal resistance measurements, postero-anterior radiographs, and dental casts were obtained on seventeen patients before they underwent rapid maxillary expansion. These records were retaken after maximum expansion of the appliance and after 3 months of retention. Measurements of nasal resistance, binasal cavity width, and maxillary first molar width were made for each subject at each stage of treatment. The following conclusions were derived: 1. Rapid maxillary expansion produced a significant reduction in nasal resistance measured at both 0.50 L. per second and 0.25 L. per second air flow. The reduction of nasal resistance by maxillary expansion was stable through a 3-month period of retention. 2. There was very low correlation between the amount of maxillary first molar expansion and change in nasal resistance. Also, changes in nasal resistance showed low correlation with the amount of nasal cavity widening which occurred during the expansion procedure. 3. Changes in nasal cavity width was not closely related to the amount of maxillary first molar expansion. 4. The patient's subjective opinion of changes in his ability to breathe through the nose was not closely related to the amount his nasal resistance was reduced. 5. The change in nasal resistance of subjects who noticed an improvement in their ability to breathe through the nose was not significantly different from nasal resistance change in children who did not notice any change in their breathing. 6. When subjects treated with an all-wire expansion appliance were compared to subjects treated with a wire-and-acrylic appliance, the two groups were not significantly different with respect to maxillary first molar expansion, nasal cavity widening, or changes in nasal resistance. Differences in amount of molar tipping or alveolar bending were not investigated. 7. Patients requiring rapid maxillary expansion treatment for constricted maxillary arches have significantly higher nasal resistance than other orthodontic patients and nonorthodontic subjects. The rapid maxillary expansion procedure reduced the nasal resistance of those treated to a level which was not significantly different from that of subjects with maxillary arches of normal dimensions. 8. The reduction in nasal resistance achieved with the expansion procedure was not lost after 3 months of retention. 9. Where indicated, rapid maxillary expansion is not only an effective method for increasing the width of narrow maxillary arches but also reduces nasal resistance from levels associated with mouth breathing to levels compatible with normal nasal respiration.
在17名患者接受快速上颌扩弓治疗前，获取了包括鼻阻力测量、鼻颏位X线片和牙模在内的记录。在矫治器最大扩弓后以及保持3个月后重新获取这些记录。在治疗的每个阶段，对每个受试者进行鼻阻力、双侧鼻腔宽度和上颌第一磨牙宽度的测量。得出以下结论：1. 快速上颌扩弓使在每秒0.50升和每秒0.25升气流时测量的鼻阻力显著降低。上颌扩弓导致的鼻阻力降低在3个月的保持期内保持稳定。2. 上颌第一磨牙扩弓量与鼻阻力变化之间的相关性非常低。此外，鼻阻力变化与扩弓过程中鼻腔增宽量的相关性也很低。3. 鼻腔宽度变化与上颌第一磨牙扩弓量没有密切关系。4. 患者对通过鼻子呼吸能力变化的主观感受与鼻阻力降低的程度没有密切关系。5. 注意到通过鼻子呼吸能力有所改善的受试者的鼻阻力变化与未注意到呼吸有任何变化的儿童的鼻阻力变化没有显著差异。6. 当将使用全金属扩弓矫治器治疗的受试者与使用金属 - 丙烯酸矫治器治疗的受试者进行比较时，两组在上颌第一磨牙扩弓、鼻腔增宽或鼻阻力变化方面没有显著差异。未研究磨牙倾斜量或牙槽弯曲量的差异。7. 需要进行快速上颌扩弓治疗上颌弓狭窄的患者的鼻阻力明显高于其他正畸患者和非正畸受试者。快速上颌扩弓治疗使这些患者的鼻阻力降低到与正常尺寸上颌弓受试者的鼻阻力没有显著差异的水平。8. 扩弓治疗后3个月的保持期内，鼻阻力降低的效果没有消失。9. 在有指征的情况下，快速上颌扩弓不仅是增加狭窄上颌弓宽度的有效方法，还能将鼻阻力从与口呼吸相关的水平降低到与正常鼻呼吸相符的水平。
