Preston S H
Demography. 1976 Feb;13(1):105-14.
This paper demonstrates the relation that obtains between the average family size of women and the average family size of offspring of those women. It estimates the value of these two measures for cohorts of American women aged 45-49 in various years from 1890 to 1970. It shows that children born during the post-war baby boom actually derived from smaller families than those born during the low-fertility 1930's; that under current patterns a woman would have to bear an average of almost two children fewer than were borne by her mother merely to keep population fertility rates constant from generation to generation; and that average family size for nonwhite children exceeds that for white by 50 percent, although the racial difference in family sizes of women is only 19 percent.
本文阐述了女性平均家庭规模与这些女性子女的平均家庭规模之间的关系。它估算了1890年至1970年不同年份中45 - 49岁美国女性队列的这两项指标的值。研究表明，战后婴儿潮时期出生的孩子实际上来自比20世纪30年代低生育率时期出生的孩子更小的家庭；按照当前模式，一名女性平均生育的子女数要比其母亲少近两个，才能使人口生育率代代保持不变；非白人子女的平均家庭规模比白人子女超出50%，尽管女性家庭规模的种族差异仅为19%。
