Nishihara J, Takeuchi Y, Miki T, Itoh M, Nagahata S
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kagawa Medical School, Japan.
J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 1995 Jun;23(3):182-6. doi: 10.1016/s1010-5182(05)80008-3.
The valves of the facial veins of 39 sides from 20 cadavers, aged 54-95 years, were investigated. Anatomical study of the valves is important, because the facial veins can be used for microvascular anastomosis in reconstruction in the head and neck. The present study confirmed that valves existed in the human facial veins, and were most frequently observed around the lower border of the mandible. When valves were classified into 5 types according to the morphology of the lobules, bicuspid valves were the most common (93.5%), followed by traced valves (4.1%), valve preparation (1.3%), and unicuspid valves (0.9%). However, no tricuspid valves were observed. Valves appeared most often (82.9%) at confluences with the facial veins. The length of valves in the trunk of the facial veins was twice the size of the inner diameter of the vessels in 78.4% of the cases. Therefore, when valves were observed at the anastomosis sites, the present results indicated that these valves could be avoided by resecting a length of about twice the inner diameter.
对20具年龄在54至95岁的尸体的39侧面部静脉瓣膜进行了研究。对面部静脉瓣膜进行解剖学研究很重要，因为面部静脉可用于头颈部重建中的微血管吻合。本研究证实人类面部静脉中存在瓣膜，且在下颌骨下缘周围观察到的频率最高。根据小叶形态将瓣膜分为5种类型时，二尖瓣最为常见（93.5%），其次是追踪瓣膜（4.1%）、瓣膜制剂（1.3%）和单尖瓣（0.9%）。然而，未观察到三尖瓣。瓣膜最常出现在与面部静脉汇合处（82.9%）。在78.4%的病例中，面部静脉主干中瓣膜的长度是血管内径的两倍。因此，当在吻合部位观察到瓣膜时，本研究结果表明，切除约两倍内径的长度可避开这些瓣膜。
