Yousem D M, Scheff A M
Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.
Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 1995 Jun;28(3):621-49.
There are many imaging modalities available for studying thyroid and parathyroid masses. For the thyroid gland, the demonstration of a hyperfunctioning or purely cystic mass by scintigraphy and ultrasound reassures that a palpable nodule is not cancer. Solitary, cold, or solid nodules often requires biopsy because of suspicion of malignancy. Metabolic and inflammatory disorders are imaged best with nuclear medicine studies whereas congenital thyroid lesions are evaluated best with computed tomography or MR imaging. In the search for a parathyroid adenoma, MR imaging and technetium-99m sestamibi studies appear to be most accurate, but because of its low cost, ultrasound has a favorable role. In previously operated patients with persistent hyperparathyroidism, MR imaging is probably most useful, but multiple imaging studies may be needed for definitive localization of adenomas.
有许多成像方式可用于研究甲状腺和甲状旁腺肿块。对于甲状腺，通过闪烁扫描和超声显示功能亢进或纯囊性肿块可确保可触及的结节不是癌症。孤立性、冷结节或实性结节由于怀疑恶性通常需要活检。代谢和炎症性疾病用核医学检查成像最佳，而先天性甲状腺病变用计算机断层扫描或磁共振成像评估最佳。在寻找甲状旁腺腺瘤时，磁共振成像和锝-99m 甲氧基异丁基异腈检查似乎最准确，但由于成本低，超声也有很好的作用。在先前接受手术但仍患有持续性甲状旁腺功能亢进的患者中，磁共振成像可能最有用，但可能需要多项成像研究来明确腺瘤的定位。
