Bumstead J M, Bumstead N, Rothwell L, Tomley F M
Institute for Animal Health, Compton, Newbury, Berkshire.
Parasitology. 1995 Aug;111 ( Pt 2):143-51. doi: 10.1017/s003118200006488x.
Immune responses of 4 inbred lines of chickens, that differ in resistance to Eimeria maxima and E. tenella, were examined. Significant differences were found in in vitro proliferation of peripheral blood lymphocytes to E. maxima sporozoite antigen, the more resistant lines C and 7(2) having higher responses than the more susceptible line 15I. These differences existed pre-infection and were enhanced following both primary and a second infection. The proportions of lymphocyte subsets in the peripheral blood following primary infection also differed between lines, with significantly higher percentages of CD8+ and TCR1 + lymphocytes circulating in the more resistant birds. In contrast, there were few differences between lines in either resistance or in in vitro proliferation of peripheral blood lymphocytes to E. tenella sporozoite antigen either pre-infection or following a primary infection. However, after a second infection when there were significant differences in resistance between lines, as measured by oocyst excretion, there were also significant differences in lymphoproliferation with the more resistant lines 15I and 6(2) having higher responses than the more susceptible line C. Thus for E. maxima there is a direct relationship between resistance to infection and lymphoproliferation in response to parasite antigen. This implies that differences in cellular immunity may account for differences in resistance between lines, and since these specific responses are enhanced by infection they may also reflect important immune mechanisms. For the rather less immunogenic E. tenella, the correlation between resistance and lymphoproliferation is not so clear. However, where there were significant differences between lines, i.e. after a second infection, the direct relationship between resistance and lymphoproliferation was upheld.
研究了对巨型艾美耳球虫和柔嫩艾美耳球虫抵抗力不同的4个近交系鸡的免疫反应。发现外周血淋巴细胞对巨型艾美耳球虫子孢子抗原的体外增殖存在显著差异，抗性较强的品系C和7(2)的反应高于易感品系15I。这些差异在感染前就存在，并且在初次感染和二次感染后均增强。初次感染后，各品系外周血淋巴细胞亚群的比例也有所不同，抗性较强的鸡体内循环的CD8+和TCR1+淋巴细胞百分比显著更高。相比之下，在感染前或初次感染后，各品系在对柔嫩艾美耳球虫子孢子抗原的抗性或外周血淋巴细胞体外增殖方面几乎没有差异。然而，二次感染后，根据卵囊排泄量测定，各品系之间存在显著的抗性差异，同时淋巴细胞增殖也存在显著差异，抗性较强的品系15I和6(2)的反应高于易感品系C。因此，对于巨型艾美耳球虫，对感染的抗性与对寄生虫抗原的淋巴细胞增殖之间存在直接关系。这意味着细胞免疫的差异可能是各品系抗性差异的原因，并且由于这些特异性反应会因感染而增强，它们也可能反映了重要的免疫机制。对于免疫原性相对较低的柔嫩艾美耳球虫，抗性与淋巴细胞增殖之间的相关性并不那么明显。然而，在各品系之间存在显著差异的情况下，即在二次感染后，抗性与淋巴细胞增殖之间的直接关系依然成立。
