Reiber M A, Conner D E, Bilgili S F
Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Alabama 36849-5416, USA.
Avian Dis. 1995 Apr-Jun;39(2):317-22.
Two experiments were conducted to determine the effect of inseminating hens with semen contaminated with marker strains of Salmonella enteritidis and S. typhimurium. Eggs were collected and examined for salmonellae. In Expt. 1, 3/57 (5.3%) of eggs from S. enteritidis-challenged hens and 2/50 (4.0%) of eggs from S. typhimurium-challenged hens were contaminated with salmonellae. Salmonellae were recovered from only the shell. In Expt. 2, however, no eggs from S. typhimurium-challenged hens were contaminated; 2/73 (2.7%) of the eggs from S. enteritidis-challenged hens were contaminated. In Expt. 1, S. typhimurium was present in 30% of the oviducts and 20% of the ovaries; S. enteritidis was present in 20% of the oviducts and 20% of the ovaries. No salmonellae-containing oviducts or ovaries were found in either S. enteritidis- or S. typhimurium-challenged hens in Expt. 2. S. enteritidis and S. typhimurium were found in fecal samples taken 24 hr after insemination, but only S. enteritidis was fecally shed 7 days after insemination (20% in Expt. 1). Data indicate that semen may severe as a vehicle for transmission of salmonellae to the hen, which may result in sporadic production of contaminated eggs.
进行了两项实验，以确定用受肠炎沙门氏菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌标记菌株污染的精液给母鸡输精的影响。收集鸡蛋并检测其中的沙门氏菌。在实验1中，受肠炎沙门氏菌攻击的母鸡所产鸡蛋中有3/57（5.3%）被沙门氏菌污染，受鼠伤寒沙门氏菌攻击的母鸡所产鸡蛋中有2/50（4.0%）被沙门氏菌污染。沙门氏菌仅在蛋壳上被检出。然而，在实验2中，受鼠伤寒沙门氏菌攻击的母鸡所产鸡蛋均未被污染；受肠炎沙门氏菌攻击的母鸡所产鸡蛋中有2/73（2.7%）被污染。在实验1中，30%的输卵管和20%的卵巢中存在鼠伤寒沙门氏菌；20%的输卵管和20%的卵巢中存在肠炎沙门氏菌。在实验2中，无论是受肠炎沙门氏菌还是鼠伤寒沙门氏菌攻击的母鸡，均未发现含有沙门氏菌的输卵管或卵巢。在输精后24小时采集的粪便样本中发现了肠炎沙门氏菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌，但在输精7天后只有肠炎沙门氏菌随粪便排出（实验1中为20%）。数据表明，精液可能作为沙门氏菌传播给母鸡的载体，这可能导致偶尔产出受污染的鸡蛋。
