Davidson P J
Urol Res. 1993 Jan;21(1):1-8. doi: 10.1007/BF00295184.
Incidentally discovered cancer of the prostate may be divided into focal and diffuse disease. The focal tumour tends to be of low grade and low-volume and in the majority of patients runs a clinically benign course. In 10-15% of untreated patients, however, progression occurs by 10 years after diagnosis. At the same stage of follow-up 30-63% of the patients have died of other causes, with no evidence of recurrence. In patients with low-grade focal cancer of the prostate, radical prostatectomy may be curative. An alternative management option is to closely observe these patients. Digital rectal examination, prostatic specific antigen, transrectal prostatic ultrasound and repeated prostatic biopsies can all make contributions to the follow-up of these patients.
偶然发现的前列腺癌可分为局灶性和弥漫性疾病。局灶性肿瘤往往分级低、体积小，大多数患者临床上呈良性病程。然而，在10% - 15%未经治疗的患者中，诊断后10年病情会进展。在相同的随访阶段，30% - 63%的患者死于其他原因，无复发迹象。对于前列腺低级别局灶性癌患者，根治性前列腺切除术可能治愈。另一种治疗选择是密切观察这些患者。直肠指检、前列腺特异性抗原、经直肠前列腺超声检查以及重复前列腺活检都有助于对这些患者进行随访。
