Fujimaki H, Ozawa M, Bissonnette E, Befus A D
National Institute for Environmental Studies, Ibaraki, Japan.
Environ Res. 1993 May;61(2):223-31. doi: 10.1006/enrs.1993.1066.
To evaluate the relationship between atmospheric nitrogen dioxide exposure and the development of allergic diseases, the effects of nitrite as a chemical product of inhaled nitrogen dioxide on mast cell functions were investigated. We have studied nitrite-induced histamine release from two functionally distinct mast cell populations, namely peritoneal mast cells (PMC) and intestinal mucosal mast cells (IMMC) of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis-infected rats. High concentrations of nitrite alone (10, 20, and 50 mM) induced histamine release from IMMC, but not from PMC. Moreover, histamine release from PMC and IMMC stimulated with sensitizing antigen was significantly enhanced by pretreatment with 50 mM nitrite or nitrate. No differences in histamine release from nitrite-treated and control PMC were seen below 1 mM. To investigate the effect of nitrite on tumor cell cytotoxic activity, PMC were incubated with various concentrations of nitrite. Pretreatment with 5 and 50 mM nitrite markedly depressed tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha-dependent natural cytotoxicity of PMC for the tumor target WEHI-164. Thus, high concentrations of nitrite enhanced mast cell histamine release, but depressed TNF-alpha-dependent cytotoxicity. However, low concentrations of nitrite (< 1 mM) that would normally be produced by short-term atmospheric exposure to nitrogen dioxide may have no significant effects on mast cell functions.
为了评估大气中二氧化氮暴露与过敏性疾病发展之间的关系，研究了作为吸入二氧化氮化学产物的亚硝酸盐对肥大细胞功能的影响。我们研究了亚硝酸盐诱导感染巴西日圆线虫大鼠的两种功能不同的肥大细胞群体，即腹膜肥大细胞（PMC）和肠黏膜肥大细胞（IMMC）释放组胺的情况。单独使用高浓度亚硝酸盐（10、20和50 mM）可诱导IMMC释放组胺，但不能诱导PMC释放组胺。此外，用50 mM亚硝酸盐或硝酸盐预处理可显著增强致敏抗原刺激PMC和IMMC释放组胺的能力。在1 mM以下，亚硝酸盐处理的PMC和对照PMC释放组胺没有差异。为了研究亚硝酸盐对肿瘤细胞细胞毒性活性的影响，将PMC与不同浓度的亚硝酸盐孵育。用5和50 mM亚硝酸盐预处理显著降低了PMC对肿瘤靶细胞WEHI-164的肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）-α依赖性天然细胞毒性。因此，高浓度亚硝酸盐增强了肥大细胞组胺释放，但降低了TNF-α依赖性细胞毒性。然而，短期大气暴露于二氧化氮通常产生的低浓度亚硝酸盐（<1 mM）可能对肥大细胞功能没有显著影响。
