Sun W, May P J
Department of Anatomy, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson 39216.
Anat Rec. 1993 Sep;237(1):89-103. doi: 10.1002/ar.1092370109.
The retrograde tracer wheat germ agglutinin-conjugated horseradish peroxidase was used to establish the organization of the extraocular muscle motoneuron pools in a prosimian, Galago senegalensis, for comparison with the organization in monkeys and non-primates. Medical rectus motoneurons were distributed in three subgroups in the ipsilateral oculomotor nucleus, a pattern similar to that of the monkey. Furthermore, the other component of the near response system, the preganglionic parasympathetic motoneurons, were confined within the Edinger-Westphal nucleus, as in the monkey. In contrast, the distribution of the levator palpebrae and superior rectus motoneurons was similar to that of the cat. Specifically, the majority of levator palpebrae motoneurons were located contralaterally, in the caudal central subdivision of the oculomotor nucleus, and the superior rectus motoneurons had a dorsocaudal location in the contralateral oculomotor nucleus. The distributions of motoneurons supplying the superior oblique and lateral rectus muscles were similar to those of other mammals. Unlike previously studied species, the galago was found to have two accessory muscles, that lie beneath the medial and lateral rectus muscles. Motoneurons supplying the accessory rectus muscles were found ventrolateral to the main abducens nucleus, in a position similar to that occupied by the cat accessory abducens nucleus; although others may be present in the main nuclei. Taken together, these results suggest that the organization of extraocular and preganglionic motoneurons in the galago exhibits both monkey and non-primate features. These observations are consistent with the notion that the galago is a primate species whose oculomotor organization is more similar to the general mammalian scheme.
逆行示踪剂小麦胚凝集素结合辣根过氧化物酶被用于确定一种原猴类动物——塞内加尔婴猴眼外肌运动神经元池的组织结构，以便与猴子和非灵长类动物的组织结构进行比较。内直肌运动神经元分布于同侧动眼神经核的三个亚组中，这一模式与猴子的相似。此外，近反射系统的另一组成部分，节前副交感运动神经元，像在猴子中一样，局限于动眼神经副核内。相比之下，提上睑肌和上直肌运动神经元的分布与猫的相似。具体而言，大多数提上睑肌运动神经元位于对侧，在动眼神经核尾部中央分区，而上直肌运动神经元在对侧动眼神经核的背尾侧位置。支配上斜肌和外直肌的运动神经元分布与其他哺乳动物相似。与之前研究的物种不同，发现婴猴有两块副肌，位于内直肌和外直肌下方。支配副直肌的运动神经元位于展神经主核的腹外侧，位置与猫的展神经副核相似；尽管其他运动神经元可能存在于主核中。综上所述，这些结果表明，婴猴眼外肌和节前运动神经元的组织结构兼具猴子和非灵长类动物的特征。这些观察结果与婴猴是一种灵长类动物的观点一致，其眼球运动组织更类似于一般哺乳动物的模式。
