Bartfai T, Hökfelt T, Langel U
Department of Neurochemistry and Neurotoxicology, Stockholm University, Sweden.
Crit Rev Neurobiol. 1993;7(3-4):229-74.
Galanin is a widely distributed 29/30 amino acid long neuropeptide with multiple biological effects. It inhibits glucose-induced insulin release, hippocampal acetylcholine release, hippocampal glutamate but not GABA release, and it lowers spinal excitability and firing of locus coeruleus neurons. It stimulates food (fat) intake and growth hormone release upon hypothalamic or i.c.v. injection. Galanin actions are mediated via high affinity Gi/G0 protein-coupled receptors--involving effector systems such as K(+)-, Ca(2+)-channels and adenylate cyclase. Galanin receptor agonists are thought to have therapeutic application in treatment of chronic pain and prevention of ischemic damage; galanin receptor antagonists have therapeutic potential in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, depression, and feeding disorders.
甘丙肽是一种广泛分布的由29/30个氨基酸组成的神经肽，具有多种生物学效应。它抑制葡萄糖诱导的胰岛素释放、海马乙酰胆碱释放、海马谷氨酸而非GABA的释放，并且降低脊髓兴奋性和蓝斑神经元的放电。在下丘脑或脑室内注射时，它刺激食物（脂肪）摄入和生长激素释放。甘丙肽的作用通过高亲和力的Gi/G0蛋白偶联受体介导，涉及钾离子、钙离子通道和腺苷酸环化酶等效应系统。甘丙肽受体激动剂被认为在治疗慢性疼痛和预防缺血性损伤方面具有治疗应用；甘丙肽受体拮抗剂在治疗阿尔茨海默病、抑郁症和进食障碍方面具有治疗潜力。
