Sundel R P, Newburger J W
Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School.
Hosp Pract (Off Ed). 1993 Nov 15;28(11):51-4, 57-60, 64-6. doi: 10.1080/21548331.1993.11442873.
In 1967, Tomisaku Kawasaki described a syndrome of mucocutaneous inflammation in 50 Japanese children. Seven years later, he reported his experience in English, emphasizing that 1% to 2% of affected children died of cardiac failure. Since then, Kawasaki disease has been described worldwide in children of all racial groups and has been recognized as a leading cause of acquired heart disease among children in the United States (Figure 1). The disease affects mostly toddlers; about 80% of patients are less than five years old, and only rare cases are seen in adolescents over age 15. Intravenous gamma globulin has recently been demonstrated to reduce systemic inflammation and the prevalence of coronary artery aneurysms in patients with Kawasaki disease. The treatment, however, is effective only if administered early in the illness. Hence, prompt and accurate diagnosis is essential. The following cases offer a context in which to discuss some of the clinical issues surrounding Kawasaki disease.
1967年，川崎富作描述了50名日本儿童的一种黏膜皮肤炎症综合征。七年后，他用英文报道了自己的经验，强调1%至2%的患病儿童死于心力衰竭。从那时起，川崎病在世界各地所有种族的儿童中均有报道，并已被公认为美国儿童后天性心脏病的主要病因（图1）。该病主要影响幼儿；约80%的患者年龄小于5岁，15岁以上青少年中仅见罕见病例。最近已证实，静脉注射丙种球蛋白可减轻川崎病患者的全身炎症并降低冠状动脉瘤的发生率。然而，该治疗仅在疾病早期给药时才有效。因此，及时准确的诊断至关重要。以下病例提供了一个背景，用以讨论围绕川崎病的一些临床问题。
